论“公民不服从”的概念与类型

摘要

“公民不服从”是基于一项历史悠久的自然权利，即所谓的不服从权。尽管这一权利在理论上源远流长，但在规范层面受到争议。不服从权的概念、特征和分类是不服从权理论体系的基石。结合权利的各项基本构成要素，可以先明晰前两者，进而结合具体特点将不服从权划分为四大组共八种类型，最终实现对不服从权这一尴尬人权的“拨云见日”，还其本来面目，以规范在事实上无法回避的公民对不法公权的抵抗。%The resistance right is a historic human right,but it hardly gets what it deserved in most countries’constitutions. There are stilla few sections of it,including some basic factors such as conception and varieties,which are not clear though the theory of resistance right is also historic. According to the basic elements of a human right,we could define them and the resist-ance right can be divided into eight varieties. At last we will show the appearance of this human right in constitution,to regulate the inevitable resistance from citizens to the illegal state power.