提高地板结构的隔声量,对于控制降低高速列车车内噪声水平具有重要作用.在声学实验室的隔声试验中发现,地板结构中分别使用3种不同参数的隔音垫,其整体结构的隔声特性曲线几乎相同.针对这一问题,基于隔声质量定律和隔声量叠加规律,使用统计能量法建立板件结构隔声预测模型,并结合试验进行深入分析研究.研究结果表明,当基础结构本身具有较大的面密度和较高的隔声量时,增加的隔音垫其面密度、隔声量等参数需要相对基础结构达到一定的比例才能起到进一步提高整体结构隔声量的作用,可为高速列车地板结构隔声优化和改进提供参考.%It has great significance to control and reduce interior noise of a high-speed train by improving the sound insulation of the floor.During the test in acoustic laboratory,it is recognized that the sound insulation characteristics are almost the same when adding three soundproof mats of different parameters in the floor structure,separately.To solve the problem,a SEA model based on mass law and sound insulation superposi-tion law is established to predict a plate's sound transmission loss,and combined with in-depth analysis and experimental research.It is shown from the results,when there is requirement to improve the sound trans-mission loss of the basic structure which has very large surface density and sound insulation,the proportion of the surface density and sound insulation between the soundproof mat and the total floor structure must be im-proved until it is larger than a certain value.The study will make references to the optimization and improve-ment of the sound transmission loss of high-speed train floor.
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