由《说苑》引《诗》和上博简《孔子诗论》再看孔子诗学

摘要

In order to make a new understanding parative study between unearthed literature Confucius＇ resource of Shuo Yuan, arrives at the conclusion that, of Confucian poetics, the author carries out a comComment on the Book of Songs and handed down the content of Shuo Yuan from the Book of Songs is consistent with traditional theories of Confucius poems. However, from Confucius＇ Comment on the Book of Songs, his understanding of poems had practicability, utilitarianism side, and more important is that his interpretation was from poetry itself to reveal artistic characteristics of poetry and poets own feelings from Confucius＇ Comment on the Book of Songs to Shuo Yuan＇s introduction from the Book of Songs, educational function and the artistic value were equally emphasized on poems, particularly on the educational function. And the way to explain its development trend of the Book of Songs is clear.%为了重新认识孔子诗学理论，将出土文献上博简《孔子诗论》与传世文献《说苑》对比分析。分析认为，《说苑》引《诗》内容与传统理解中的孔子诗学理论相和，而从上博简《孔子诗论》中可以看出，孔子对诗的解读虽然有其实用性、功利性的一面，但更重要的是从诗本身的意旨出发，揭示诗的文学艺术特质和诗人自身的情感抒发。从《孔子诗论》到《说苑》引《诗》，诗的教育功能与诗的艺术功能并重发展为偏重于对诗的教育功能阐发，对《诗》解释路径的发展趋势是清晰的。