论阿英的“形式意识形态”理论

摘要

1928年的革命文学论争，左翼批评家阿英在寻访确立革命文学文类规范时，提出了“技巧的阶级性”这一命题。如果将其与詹姆逊“形式意识形态”理论加以比较，可以发现阿英始终在革命文学特定阶段和内容与形式的关系论范畴讨论形式问题，从而在文类学意义上形成了对“形式”的三重认知：形式的阶级性、形式的对应性和形式的成长性，构建了属于中国的“形式意识形态”理论。%Jameson’s theory of Formal Ideology evolves from the standard of Marxist critique of historicism, which gives up dialectical study on content and form. For years, his logical inference built on the demand of hermeneutics in culture has been inadequate to solve specific problems on the content and form in Chinese literature. By comparison, Aying, a Chinese left-wing critic raised the topic again in the 1920s, analyzing the topic of Form on the scope of the a particular stage in the revolutionary literature and the relationship between content and form. Thus, the triple cognition on form takes shape: class nature in the form, correspondence in the form and growth in the form. This cognition provides a new way to solve the problem of content and form in Chinese literature.