纳米颗粒对植物光合作用影响机制的研究

摘要

To investigate the effect of nanoparticles ( NPs) on plant photosynthesis, a simple and efficient approach was adopted.Five typical representative mental oxide NPs were chosen to interacted with the chloroplast, the reaction center of photosynthesis of plant. The variation of photosynthetic activity and fluorescence effect were measured.Scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) and fluorescent microscopy showed that the impact of NPs on the photosynthetic activity of chloroplast was achieved by contacting with each other.The results indicated that ZnO and CdS NPs had obvious inhibiting effect, and with the increase of concentration the inhibition was more significantly;γ-Fe2 O3 NPs can be used as electron acceptor, had some promoting effect at low concentration, but with the increase of the concentration the inhibition effect appeared gradually.Suggesting the impact mechanism of NPs was affecting the process of the e-lectron transfer.This work provides a promising approach for the development of the field of NPs in plants, including nano-fertilizer, nanobionics and a renewable, high-efficiency biochemical detectors.Meanwhile, it provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the poten-tial effects of NPs on environment.%为探讨纳米颗粒对植物光合作用的影响，采取一种简单、高效的实验方法来进行研究。选取具有代表性的5种金属氧化物纳米颗粒与植物光合作用的主要场所叶绿体相互作用，测定叶绿体光合活性、荧光效应的变化，并通过扫描电镜、荧光显微镜进行观察。研究表明纳米颗粒对叶绿体光合活性的影响是通过相互接触完成的；ZnO及CdS对其活性有明显的抑制效应，并随着浓度的增加其抑制效应越显著；γ－Fe2 O3纳米颗粒作为电子受体，在低浓度条件下提高其活性，但随着浓度的增加逐渐显现为抑制效应。故而推测纳米颗粒的影响机制是影响电子传递过程。这为纳米材料在植物领域，包括纳米化肥，纳米仿生，可再生性高效生化探测器的发展提供了参考，同时也为评估纳米材料对环境的潜在影响提供了理论基础。