不同碳源对平菇生物学转化率的影响

摘要

[ Objective] To study the effect of com cob, rice straw, cotton seed shell and sawdust as main carbon sources on the biological conversion in Pleurotus ostreatus ,so as to provide references for improving the biological transformation rate of the cultivation materials and search for new materials. [ Method ] Four treatments were set up, four bags for each treatment with three repetitions. The culture materials were respectively put into the high-density PE bags which were 35 cm in length, 20 cm in width and 0.03 mm in thickness. After sterlization, the bags were put into the inoculation room until the temperature was reduced to 25 t. After inoculation, the bags were cultured under darkness at 22 — 26 ℃. When the growth of mycelium filled the whole bags, yellow water started to secrete on the surface of bags, and small primodia appeared,the bags were moved into the mushroom house. The germination of mycelium, its growth, and the time it needed to grow fully in the bags were observed, and the differentiation, meteorological features and yield of fruiting bodies were also observed, the biological conversion rate was calculated according to the formula of Biological conversion rate = weight of fresh mushroom / dry weight of culture materials X 100%. [ Conclusion] The biological conversion of mushroom were 152.19% , 59.30% , 166.38% and 62.28% with the carbon sources of corn cob, rice straw, cotton,seed shell and sawdust, indicating that the biological conversion was greatly different under different carbon sources. [Conclusion] The optimum carbon sources are cotton seed shell, the com cob was secondary, rice straw and sawdust were the worst.%[目的]研究玉米芯、稻草、棉籽壳、木屑对平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)生物学转化率的影响,为提高栽培原料的生物学转化率和寻找新的栽培原料提供参考.[方法]试验共设4个处理,每个处理4袋,3次重复.培养料用装袋机分装到长35 cm、宽20 cm、厚0.03 mm的高密度聚乙烯塑料袋中,常压灭菌.灭菌后料袋趁热放入接种室冷却到25℃左右时接种.接种后搬入培养室内22～26℃避光培养.当菌丝长满菌袋,菌袋表面菌丝开始分泌黄水,出现小的原基后,把菌袋搬进菇房进行出菇管理.接种后观察菌种块萌发吃科情况、菌丝长势、长满菌袋的时间,另观察记录子实体分化情况、形态特征及子实体产量,计算各处理的生物学转化率,生物学转化率=鲜菇重/培养料干重×100％.[结果]玉米芯、稻草、棉籽壳、木屑为碳源的平菇生物学转化率分别为152.19％、59.30％、166.38％、62.28％,表明不同碳源对平菇生物学转化率有较大差异.[结论]棉籽壳的生物学转化率最高,玉米芯次之,木屑和稻草最差.