农业秸秆制备活性炭及其性能研究

摘要

[ Objective ] The research aimed to study the best preparation technique and adsorption performance of activated carbon by agricultural straw. [Method] Agricultural straw as raw material,activated carbon was prepared at different operation conditions. Corresponding productivity of the activated carbon and adsorption value of the methylene blue were measured. Influences of the activation temperature,activation time,solid-liquid ratio,carbonization time on productivity of the activated carbon and adsorption value of the methylene blue were analyzed. [Result] Trie best preparation parameters of activated carbon by straw were as below:KOH/ZnCl2 as activator,5 mol/L of ZnCl2,5 mol/L of KOH,KOH: ZnCl2 =1: 1 .activation time of 1 h,solid-liquid ratio of 1g/4 ml,activation temperature of 20 ℃ ,pyrolysis temperature of 550 ℃ ,90 ℃ of washing temperature. Both decolorization ratio and adsorption value of the methylene blue increased as dosing time of the activated carbon prolonging. [ Conclusion] Preparation technique of the activated carbon by straw was economic and feasible,and it had wide application prospect.%[目的]研究农业秸秆活性炭的最佳制备工艺及吸附性能.[方法]以秸秆为原料,在不同的操作条件下制备活性炭产品,并测定相应的活性炭产率及亚甲基蓝吸附值,分析研究了化学活化法制备秸秆活性炭工艺过程中的活化温度、活化时间、固液比、炭化时间等因素对活性炭的产率、亚甲基蓝吸附值的影响.[结果]用化学法制备秸秆活性炭的较佳工艺参数:以KOH/ZnCl2为活化剂,ZnC12浓度为5 mol/L,KOH浓度为5 mol/L,KOH∶ ZnCl2为1∶1,活化时间为1h,固液比为1g/4 ml,活化温度为20℃,热解温度为550℃,90℃为洗涤最佳温度.脱色率和亚基蓝吸附值均随活性炭投加时间的延长而增加.[结论]秸秆活性炭制备工艺经济、可行,具有广阔的应用前景.