Penicillium expansum是果蔬采后主要的病原真菌,对果蔬的贮藏具有极大的危害,寻找有效的防治方法具有重要的意义.本研究对苹果(Malus domestica)青霉病菌进行了分离及rDNA-ITS法鉴定,确定为P.expansum;利用不同浓度的外源一氧化氮(NO)处理病菌,通过孢子萌发率、芽管长度、菌丝扩展速度等指标以及苹果接种实验,研究了外源NO与P.expansum发育及致病力的关系,并通过进行胞内活性氧水平、蛋白质羰基化、丙二醛(MDA)及ATP含量的检测,对NO的作用机理进行了初步的探索.结果表明,外源NO可以显著抑制P.expansum的发育,且浓度越高抑制作用越强,其抑菌机理可能是通过诱导P.expansum胞内活性氧积累引起氧化损伤.本研究为果蔬采后病原菌的防治提供了新的思路.%Penicillium expansum is a major postharvest pathogen and quite harmful to fruit and vegetable preservation. Therefore, it is necessary to search for an effective control method. In this study, we isolated a P. expansum from naturally infected apples (Malus domestica) and identified it by rDNA-ITS method. The relationship between exogenous nitre oxide (NO) with different concentrations and growth or pathogenicity of P. expansum were evaluated via assessment of germination ratio, germ tube length, mycelium extension speed, and inoculation experiment of apple. In addition, by determining level of reactive oxygen species, carbonylated proteins, and evaluating the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ATP, the possible inhibitory mechanism of exogenous NO on P. expansum was explored preliminarily. The results indicated that exogenous NO could inhibit the growth of P. expansum and the behavior was dose-dependent. It was speculated that the inhibitory effect came from accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which led to oxidative damages. This study provides a new approach to control postharvest horticulture pathogens potentially of fruit and vegetable.
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