“精神法则”的构建、失效与重订——以郁达夫为中心论现代小说的美学嬗变及其意识形态因素

摘要

以郁达夫的小说创作为中心，兼及“现代”文学所进行的形式探索，能够揭示其中的美学实践、话语探索和思想历程。而以当中体现的知识分子精神心灵所遭遇的命运、所扮演的角色、所担纲的任务以及所参与的符码生产和话语创造为主要参照系统，更揭示郁达夫在现代文学史和思想史中的复杂性及其意义。在此基础上，将笔触延伸到1942年前后，探究为何原本掌握着美学准则与话语权力的现代文学，在一个新历史时段中，反而遭遇其原本所倡导的“精神教育”和“思想改造”，并指出其文本形式探索与话语实践所表征出来的意识形态因素。%This paper focuses on Yu Dafu＇s novel creation, takes into account the form exploration in modern literature, and discloses his aesthetic practice, discourse inquiry and ideological course. It further sheds light on the complexity of Yue Dafu＇ s influence on modem literary history and ideological history by adopting the reference system in which the spiritual soul of intellectuals experienced in terms of their fate, performing role and mission, and their involvement in symbol production and discourse construction. Based on such a discussion, the paper also analyses the reasons why modern literature in the new historical stage around 1942, which had used to have dominance over aesthetic principle and discourse power, returned to its originally initiated ＂spiritual education＂ and ＂ideological remolding＂ and points out the ideological factors in the exploration of text form and discursive practice.