肺结核患者医院感染相关因素分析及护理对策

摘要

Objective To analyze the related factors of nosocomial infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,to explore the clinical effective nursing countermeasures.Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 242 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in hospital,distribution of bacteria and pathogen occurrence statistics site infection,risk factors related to the analysis,summarize the clinical nursing experience.Results The 242 cases of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,19 cases of infection,infection rate was 7.9%.19 cases of infection in patients with respiratory tract infection,the most,accounting for 47.4%,the detection of 8 strains of gram negative bacteria,accounting for 42.1%.60 years of age or older,15 d,associated with other diseases, the combined use of antibiotics in hospital time and implementation of invasive operation in patients with nosocomial infection rate is higher,the single factor analysis of visible statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Age over 60 years old,15 d,associated with other diseases,the combined use of antibiotics in hospital time and implementation of invasive operation is a risk factor of nosocomial infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,the implementation of effective nursing can further reduce the incidence of infection in hospital for patients.%目的：分析肺结核患者医院感染相关因素，探讨有效的临床护理对策。方法：回顾性分析242例肺结核住院患者的临床资料，统计感染发生的部位及病原菌分布情况，对相关危险因素进行分析，总结临床护理经验。结果：本组242例肺结核患者中，发生感染者19例，感染发生率为7.9%。19例感染患者中，以呼吸道感染最多，占47.4%，检出革兰阴性菌8株，占42.1%。年龄≥60岁、住院时间≥15 d、合并其他疾病、联合使用抗生素及实施侵入性操作患者的医院感染发生率较高，单因素分析可见统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：年龄≥60岁、住院时间≥15 d、合并其他疾病、联合使用抗生素及实施侵入性操作是肺结核患者发生医院感染的危险因素，对患者实施有效的护理能够进一步降低医院感染的发生率。