海南省居民疟疾防治知识认知情况调查

摘要

Objective To investigate malaria prevention related knowledge, attitude and practice among the residents of Hainan province. Methods A typical sampling method was used to perform the questionnaire study among residents from and out of endemic region of malaria. Results The awareness rates of the middle school students were significantly higher than those of the residents on the following concerns such as malaria is a type of infectious disease, the typical symptoms of malaria, the effective method(s) to prevent malaria and use of mosquito net to avoid being bited by malaria carried mosquito (P＜0.01). The awareness rates of the middle school students from the endemic region of malaria were significantly higher than those of the students out of the endemic region on the questions such as the route of malaria transmission, the typical symptoms of malaria and the effective method(s) to prevent malaria (P＜0.01). Much more insecticide-treated mosquito nets were donated to the residents from the endemic region of malaria than those out of the endemic region of malaria (P＜0.05). Significantly higher percentage of the residents from the endemic region of malaria than those out of the endemic region of malaria claimed that the lack of mosquito net was due to short of money (P＜0.05). The awareness rates of the residents from the endemic region of malaria were significantly lower than those of the residents out of the endemic region on the questions such as the route of malaria transmission and use of mosquito net to avoid being bited by malaria carried mosquito(P＜0.05). The awareness rate about the free-charge of treatment to patient with malaria was about 20% and only around 20% of the residents investigated claimed the presence of insecticide-treated mosquito nets in their home. Conclusion Much more improvement on the cognitive level of malaria in Hainan province is still needed.%目的 了解海南省居民和学生对疟疾防治知识的认知情况.方法 采用典型抽样方法确定调查对象,现场问卷调查疟疾高发区和非疟疾高发居民疟疾防治知识的知晓率及对疟疾防治的需求.结果 对于疟疾是传染病、疟疾的典型症状、疟疾的预防及使用蚊帐防疟方面的认识,学生高于居民(P＜0.01);疟疾高发区学生对于疟疾传播途径、疟疾的典型症状和疟疾预防方面的认知情况明显高于非高发区学生,而对于疟疾是传染病、确诊疟疾免费治疗以及药浸蚊帐好处方面疟疾高发区学生明显低于非高发区学生(P＜0.01);疟疾高发区居民“家庭拥有药浸蚊帐”以及“没钱购买蚊帐”的情况明显高于非高发区居民,对于疟疾传播途径和使用蚊帐防疟方面的认识疟疾高发区居民明显低于非高发区居民(P＜0.05);我省免费治疗疟疾的政策的知晓率和浸蚊帐的拥有率均仅约20％.结论 海南省居民疟疾防治认知水平仍需进一步提高.