黔东南古茶种质资源保护现状及产业发展对策

摘要

黔东南自然环境优越,是茶树起源中心之一,历史上出现多个知名的茶叶品种,目前,当地的古茶种质资源已被严重破坏,保护较差.但古茶树散落的种子、根茎、枝条等生成的后代茶树在其原产地还有少量分布,及时保护利用,可为产业建设提供较好物质基础.对黔东南州主要古茶种质资源凯里香炉山云雾茶、黄平回龙茶、镇远天印茶、岑巩思州绿茶和从江滚郎茶的保护利用现状进行综述,并对存在的问题提出了相应对策.%Qiandongnan Prefecture with an advantageous natural environment is one of tea origin centers and there are many famous tea varieties in history.At present,the local famous ancient tea germplasm resources have been damaged seriously but the tea trees produced from seeds,rhizomes,branches of ancient tea trees still distribute in their origin area.Therefore,reinforcing protection and utilization of local famous ancient tea germplasm resources can provide the good material basis for construction of tea industry.The protection and utilization status of main famous ancient tea germplasm resources including Yunwu Tea in Kaili,Huilong Tea in Huangping,Tianyin Tea in Zhenyuan,Green Tea in Cengong and Gunlang Tea in Congjiang is reviewed and the corresponding countermeasures to solve the existing problem are proposed at the same time.