契约是一种法律行为,法律行为又是私法自治的工具。法律行为制度在传统民法理论中居于重要地位,近年来,我国法理学中有某种过度扩展法律行为概念含义的趋向。这不仅与民法学中法律行为本来的含义大相径庭,而且也有悖于英美法理学者的本意。法律行为是私法中独有的概念,只有私法中才有意思自治,才需要通过法律行为来表达。公法中,如行政法与刑法,根本不存在意思自治原则适用的余地,当然也就不可能有法律行为生存的土壤。%Contract is a legal act,while legal act is the tool of autonomy of private law.Legal act system takes an important role in traditional civil law theory,recently,there is a tendency of overextending legal act in Chinese jurisprudence,which poles apart both in legal act explanation in jurisprudence and the original intention of Britain and American jurists.It is necessary to point out that legal act is an exclusive concept in private law,and the autonomy of will is only expressed in private law and behaved through legal act.In public law,there is no application for autonomy of will in administrative law and criminal law let alone legal act.
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