Composition of nucleotides in human milk and cow's milk and metabolism of nucleotides in vivo were explained. Biology function of nucleotides was also reviewed. From the view of nucleotides' composition , nucleotide ingredients in the cow's milk was mainly orotic acid ,other nucleotides was little , while nucleotide ingredients in human milk was mainly cytosine monophosphate. When nucleotides entered intestinal tract , they were degraded in enterocyte, most discharges were excreted outside by breath and urine, small part of discharges were transmited the tissue of body by blood , took part in synthesis of organism. Physiological function of nucleotides in dairy mainly concentrated to improve the beneficial intestinal flora , promote the growth and development, increase infant's immunologic function, affect the lipoprotein metabolism. In 2005, Ministry of Public Health of China assented to add nucleotides in the infant formula ,so application of nucleotides gradually started in China.%阐述了人乳、牛乳中核苷酸的组成，分析了核苷酸在体内的吸收、代谢，并对核苷酸对婴儿的生物功能作了综述。从核苷酸组成看，乳清酸是牛乳中主要的核苷酸成分，其他核苷酸含量很少；而人乳中的核苷酸成分主要是胞嘧啶核苷酸。核苷酸进入肠道后，在小肠上皮细胞中被酶降解，多数以呼吸和尿液的形式排出体外，少部分通过血液传递到身体各组织，参与机体的合成。对于乳中的核苷酸的生物功能主要集中在改善肠道菌群，促进生长发育，提高免疫能力，改善脂质代谢等。2005年中国卫生部正式允许婴儿粉中添加核苷酸，我国对核苷酸的应用也逐步开始。
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