纤维二糖水解酶的研究进展

摘要

纤维素是世界上最丰富的可再生资源,将其降解为小分子糖并转化为燃料或精细化学品一直是研究的难点和热点.纤维二糖水解酶是生物降解纤维素的关键酶之一,它属于外切酶,作用于结晶纤维素的链末端依次切开相隔的p-1,4-糖苷键,释放纤维二糖.论文对纤维二糖水解酶的来源、分类、结构,对纤维素的作用机理、酶学性质、分子进化、商业酶制剂生产情况及其应用特性进行了总结,同时对该研究进行了展望.%Cellulose is the richest renewable resource in the world,and it has been a difficult and hot spot for research to break down into small molecular sugars and turn them into fuel or fine chemicals.Cellobiohydrolase is one of the key enzymes of cellulose biodegradation,which belongs to excision enzyme.It acts on the end of the chain of crystalline cellulose and cuts the separated beta-1,4-glycosidic bond,finally releasing cellobiose.In this article,the source,classification,structure,the action mechanism,enzymatic properties of cellobiohydrolases,molecular evolution,production situation of commercial enzymes and their application characteristics are summarized.In addition,the research perspective on cellobiohydrolasesis proposed.