百色市右江区大气PM10中水溶性无机离子的化学特征与来源

摘要

PM10 samples were collected in an urbanized area of Youjiang district,Baise from October of 2010 to September of 2011 to study chemical characteristics and source identification of their major water-soluble inorganic I-ons. Results show that PMm in Youjiang district varied in 13. 89-319. 44 fig/m3. The annual mean mass concentration of the PM10 is 117.48 fig/ra', which exceeded the second grade standard of ambient air quality standard (GB 3095-2012). The atmospheric PM10 pollution in Youjiang district,Baise mainly appear in winter and spring. The mass concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions in PMl0 are decreased in order of SO5~ >Nor >C1~ >NH<+ >K+ >Na+ > Mg2+ >F- where SOT ,NO-1 and Cl- account for 57. TA .14. 9% and 14. 5%,respectively. The collected PM,0 samples show relatively strong acidity,mainly due to the high sulfate radical content in PM10. The seasonal variation of PM10 is significantly influenced by temperature and wind velocity, while meteorological factors have little influence on SO42- , NO3- , F-. The possible source identification was carried out by principal component analysis, which showed that water-soluble inorganic ions are probably from three sources. Nof and Cl3- are likely derived from local coal combustion. Mg2+ , K+ and Na+ are likely from natural sources. F" , SO42- and NH,+ are likely from mixed sources.%2010年10月至2011年9月采集百色市右江区大气PM10样品,分析PM10及其水溶性无机离子的化学特征与来源.结果表明:(1)百色市右江区大气PM10为13.89～319.44μg/m3,年均117.48 μg/m3,年均值超过《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095-2012)二级标准(100 μg/m3).百色市右江区大气可吸入颗粒物的污染主要出现在春冬季节.(2)水溶性无机离子浓度年均值依次为SO42- ＞NO3- ＞Cl- ＞NH4+ ＞K+ ＞Na+＞Mg2+＞F-,SO42-、NO3-和Cl-浓度最高,分别占水溶性无机离子的57.7％、14.9％和14.5％.(3)百色市右江区大气PM10呈较强的酸性,高浓度的SO42-可能是导致百色市右江区大气PM10呈较强酸性的主要原因.(4)PM10的季节变化受气温和风速的影响极显著;气象因素对SO42-、NO3-、F-的影响不显著.(5)主因子分析表明,PM10中水溶性无机离子可能来自3个方面,Cl-和NO3-主要来自于当地低烟卤煤燃烧排放的烟气; Mg2+、K+和Na+主要来自于自然源;F-、SO42-和NH4+主要来自于混合源.