芬兰《学前教育国家核心课程》的背景、特点及其启示

摘要

The“National Core Curriculum for Pre-primary Education” promulgated by the government of Finland is considered as one of the best courses in the world .The guide is issued in a particular context .It has such characteristics as clear position ,protecting children’s rights;rich in content ,developing children’s personality ;having trust in children ,encouraging free expression ;paying attention to environmental protection ,cultivating aesthetic ability ;emphasizing the interaction ,stressing developmental evaluation ,and so on .The enlightenment of the cur-riculum guide of Finland to the development of kindergarten curriculum in our country includes :adhere to the principle of subjectivity ,break up the narrow curriculum orientation ;adhere to the principle of integration ,set up the open course concept ;adhere to the principle of development , attach great importance to the innovation of curriculum structure ,etc .%芬兰政府颁布的《学前教育国家核心课程》被认为是世界上最优秀的课程标准之一。该课程标准是在特定背景下颁布的，具有以下特点：立场明确，保护儿童权利；内容丰富，发展幼儿个性；信任儿童，鼓励自由表达；注重环保，培养审美能力；强调互动，侧重发展性评价等。其对中国幼儿园课程开发的启示包括：坚持主体性原则，打破狭窄的课程定位；坚持整合性原则，树立开放的课程观念；坚持发展性原则，重视创新的课程架构等。