通过构建以政策工具类型为横向维度、以职业教育实习政策内容要素为纵向维度的二维分析框架,分析《职业教育法》颁布以来的22项主要实习政策文本.研究发现,职业教育实习政策工具在类型维度和要素维度上的分布具有明显的类别化特征,存在强制性政策工具使用过溢、政策工具选择缺乏考虑长远效益等问题,从而在学生内源性因素、学校基础性因素、企业发展性因素三个方面影响职业教育实习质量形成.在后续实习政策制订与执行中,应遵循职业教育规律,提升实习政策工具的多元化与适切性;扩大实习考核的政策供给,促进实习质量提升;立足层级治理的本土政策实践,加强各级实习政策执行人员能力建设.%This study analysis 22 internship policy texts since the Law of Vocational Education through the construction of a two-dimensional analysis framework which takes the type of policy tools as the horizon-tal dimension and the contents and elements of the vocational education practice policy as the longitudinal dimension.It is found that the policy tools for vocational education internship have obvious categorization characteristics in horizontal dimension and longitudinal dimension,and there are problems such as over-use of mandatory policy tools,lack of consideration of long-term benefits,etc.These problems affect the quality of vocational education internship in three aspects :the students'endogenous factors,the college's basic factors and the enterprise's development factors.In the follow-up policy formulation,first,we should follow the rule of vocational education and enhance the diversity and suitability of internship policy tools ;second,expand the policy supply of internship assessment and promote the quality of internship ;finally,strengthen the capacity of policy enforcement personnel at all levels based on the local policy practice of hierarchical governance.
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