海洋微生物产纤维素酶及其应用研究进展

摘要

Cellulose is the most ancient, abundant and inexhaustible natural polymer resources.Cellulase widely exists in the organism including bacteria,fungi and animals.Microbial cellulase has been widely reported and utilized in industries of food, medicine, feed, detergent, textile, pulp and paper,etc..The ocean is a huge pool of resources,and cellulose-producing marine microorganisms have attracted a lot of attention.This paper briefly summarized the research progress of populations and source of marine microorganisms producing cellulase and genetic screening, the enzymatic properties and application fields of cellulase produced by marine microorganisms.Prospects of study on marine microbial cellulase were also discussed.%纤维素是地球上最古老、最丰富的天然高分子，是天然可再生资源。纤维素酶广泛存在于自然界的生物体中，细菌、真菌和动物体内都能产生纤维素酶。微生物产纤维素酶已有较多报道，并在食品、医药、饲料、洗涤、纺织和造纸工业等领域有广阔的应用前景。海洋是一个巨大的资源库，海洋微生物产纤维素酶已经受到了广泛的关注。对产纤维素酶海洋微生物的种群、来源及基因筛选、海洋微生物产纤维素酶的酶学特性，以及纤维素酶的应用领域等方面的研究进展进行了简要综述，并对海洋微生物产纤维素酶的研究进行了展望。