论桥梁钢索的安全评定与索力检测

摘要

Based on fatigue fracture mechanism and material failure analysis(material diagnostics) and the safety assessment theory and criteria of the structural integrity of science,the service safety assessment of bridge cable was that the actual generalized stress(composite stress) less than the actual generalized resistance(residual strength).The theoretical implication of guideline parameter was discussed,and cable force detection was carried out. By analysis of cable breaking behavior and the test, the cable force of the serving bridge cable under the action of random live load was regarded as a random series. It was believed that the general detection of cable force was only a sample(or limited) of a series of cable forces,which cannot be used to assess the safety of cables.By comparison with cable design and safety assessment,it was pointed out that they were two types of issues with different theoretical system and different nature,which should not be confused and substituted.%基于疲劳断裂理、材料失效分析（材料诊断学）及结构完整性科学的安全评定理论和准则，桥梁钢索的服役安全性评定，为实际广义应力（复合应力）小于实际广义抗力（剩余强度）。论述准则参量的理论含义及索力检测，考查钢索的破断与实验。认为随机活载作用下，服役桥梁钢索的索力为随机系列；通常的检测索力，仅为索力系列的一个（或有限个）样本，不可能评定钢索的安全。比较钢索设计与安全评定，指出二者为理论体系各异、性质不同的两类问题，不能混淆、不能替代。