基于微粒群算法的PID控制器优化研究

摘要

研究PID控制器性能优化中,由于被控对象具有高阶,非线性等特点,而在工业生产过程中,传统的PID参数整定方法易出现超调和震荡问题,使系统响应特性差.为改善系统性能,提出一种改进粒子群算法的智能优化策略,将PID控制器参数作为粒子群中的粒子,以控制误差时间积分函数作为优化目标,进行PID控制参数的并行优化.利用MATLAB仿真软件进行仿真,并通过与传统整定方法(Z-N法)进行比较.结果表明,粒子群的PID参数整定法可提高控制器性能,并能够实现目标的最优整定,为PID控制器性能优化提供依据.%During the performance optimization of the PID controller, the controlled objects are of the characteris-tics such as, high order, non-linear and so on. In the industrial production process, the overshoot and oscillation problems often appear in traditional method of PID parameter tuning, and the system response is poor. In order to im-prove the performance of the system, this paper put forward a particle swarm algorithm based on improved intelligent optimization strategy. Then, we considered the PID controller parameters as the particle group of particles, and the time-integrated error as the optimization objective function. So we carried out the parallel optimization of the PID con-troller parameters, used the MATLAB simulation software combined with the Simulink powerful function, and done the simulation research in two kinds of systems. Comparing with the traditional installation method-Z-N method, the result indicates that, the PID parameters setting method based on the particle swarm is easy to use. We can realize the optimization based on the optimal goal setting. And the result provides the basis for the optimization of the PID controller.