基于多普勒频率变化率的单站无源测距方法

摘要

实现单站无源测距是新型单站无源定位系统的关键,由于定位要求距离远,隐蔽性强,并保证生存能力,通常采用质点运动学原理的测距方法.针对脉冲多普勒雷达的回波特性,为提高目标定位跟踪的精度,提出一种多普勒频率变化率的改进测距方法,用多脉冲相干积累算法提取多普勒频率变化率,辅以角度进行测距定位,并引入修正的协方差扩展卡尔曼滤波进行定位跟踪,从而减小多普勒频率变化率的估计误差.在Monte - Carlo上仿真结果表明,方法是有效和可行的,不仅能提高信噪比和跟踪收敛速度,而且在多普勒频率变化率的估计和定位跟踪上都能达到较高的精度,优于原有单站无源测距方法,有一定的工程应用前景.%Realizing the single - observer passive ranging is the key to the novel ingle - observer passive locating system, and the methods based on particle kinematics are adopted usually, in which. Doppler changing rate method can achieve higher locating accuracy. For the characteristics of PD radar echo, the improved ranging method based on Doppler changing rate was presented. The Doppler changing rate was estimated using a coherent integration algorithm and combined with angle, thenhe MVEKF algorithm was introduced in locating and tracing in order to decrease the estimating error of the Doppler changing rate and improve the locating accuracy accordingly. The results of Monte - Carlo simulation experiment confirm that the method is effective and feasible under the Gaussian noise interference. This method can not only improve signal - to - noise ratio and convergence speed, but also make the estimation of Doppler changing rate and locating achieve higher precision comparing with the existing ranging method, and it has certain engineering application prospects.