变海拔条件下装甲车辆冷却散热能力研究

摘要

针对履带式装甲车辆在高原环境下散热能力不足,导致机体过热,影响车辆的正常使用等问题,结合冷却散热系统体积大和结构复杂的特点,提出基于三维动力舱计算模型与一维散热器计算模型耦合计算的方法.三维动力舱计算模型与一维散热器计算模型仿真结果与实验结果吻合较好,可以验证模型的准确性.计算结果表明,环境因素对冷却散热能力影响较大,随着海拔的上升,大气压力下降,空气稀薄,散热能力大幅下降,随着环境温度升高,散热能力同样下降较大.计算结果为柴油机高温部件热负荷控制及高原适应性提供相关依据.%Aiming at the problem of the capacity for dissipating heat and the diesel overheat influencing on the vehicles,a coupling calculation method is investigated with a 3D numerical model of the engine compartment of the armored vehicle and a 1 D model of the radiator in consideration of the volume and complex structure of the cooling system.The 3D numerical model of the engine compartment and a 1D model of the radiator are verified well by the experiment.The results indicate that the capacity for dissipating heat decreases as the altitude increases due to the reduction of the ambient pressure and the density,the same as the environment temperature increases.And the results can make a contribution to the heat load controlling and plateau adaptability of the diesel.