一种电感数字传感器的循迹小车控制系统设计

摘要

针对传统的以红外反射式传感器为主的循迹小车存在受强光干扰不灵敏、循迹线的铺设色差及线宽要求较高的缺点,提出了以单片机为控制器,LDC1000电感数字转换器和外接线圈作为循迹传感器,结合光电测速电路、驱动电路、LCD显示电路等,实现在跑道标识为一根直径为0.9 mm的细铁丝的平面跑道上稳定运行;具备在运行途中检测跑道上的金属片,实现报警和计数功能;具备实时显示小车运行时间、速度和距离的功能;实验证明,该系统集测量精度高、显示直观及工作性能稳定等优点,采用的非接触、无磁体的感应技术对以导体为循迹标识的小车的设计有一定的指导意义.%With regard to the disadvantages,such as insensitivity under the interference of highlights,the high reqmrements of the tracking line's chromatic aberration and line width,of the traditional tracking car,which is mainly based on reflected infrared sensors,this article proposes a control system design which uses Micro Control Unit as a controller,LDC1000 digital inductance converter and external coil as tracking sensor,combines opto-electronic testing velocity circuit,drive circuit and LCD display circuit,etc.Such control system could realize a stable running on a flat runway with a runway identification of a thin wire whose diameter is 0.9 mm.The control system has the function of detecting sheet metals on the runway while running,could realize the alarming and counting functions;and has the function of the real-time display of the car's running time,speed and distance.The experiment indicates that this system has the advantages like a high precision,a clear display and a stable performance,adopts the non-contact,non-magnet sensor technology and has a certain guiding significance to the design of the cars using conductor as tracking identifications.