Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, methods of diagnosis and treatment of cranial germi-noma-induced pituitary stalk thickening associated with central diabetes insipid, in order to reduce misdiagnosis and mistreatment rates. Methods Clinical data of one cranial germinoma induced pituitary stalk thickening patient misdiagnosed as lymphocytic hypophysitis was retrospectively analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed. Results This patient suffered from polydipsi-a, polyuria and rarefaction of beard and hirci for 3 years, fever for 1 week, and was misdiagnosed as having lymphocytic hypoph-ysitis leading to central diabetes insipidus according to coherence check. However the symptom was not relieved after oral medi-cation of Glucocorticoids for 3 months. Then this patient was diagnosed as having cranial germinoma by endoscopic transsphenoi-dal pituitary stalk biopsy. The patient's germinoma shrank significantly and the condition was improved after 2 courses of chemo-therapy and 1 course of radiotherapy. The patient was given cortical hormone and thyroid hormones after the surgery. The patient suffered from pituitary crisis after discontinuation of cortical hormone and thyroid hormones because of upper respiratory tract in-fection one week before. The patient was in a stable condition after treatment of antibiotics and hormones. Conclusion Cranial germinoma-induced pituitary stalk thickening may be confirmed with pathology based on information such as age, clinical situa-tion, laboratory examination, imaging data for the benifit of early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.%目的：探讨颅内生殖细胞瘤致垂体柄增粗伴中枢性尿崩症的临床特点及诊治措施，以减少误诊误治。方法回顾性分析我院收治的1例误诊为淋巴细胞性垂体炎的颅内生殖细胞瘤致垂体柄增粗的临床资料，并复习相关文献。结果本例因多饮、多尿，伴胡须、腋毛稀疏3年，发热1周入院，曾经相关检查误诊为淋巴细胞性垂体炎导致中枢性尿崩症，给予口服糖皮质激素治疗3个月无效，后行经蝶垂体柄占位活组织病理检查确诊为生殖细胞瘤。行2次化学治疗、1次放射治疗后，瘤体明显缩小。随后给予激素替代治疗，效果良好。1周前出现上呼吸道感染，停用激素替代，进而出现垂体危象，予激素等治疗后患者病情好转出院。现病情稳定。结论颅内生殖细胞瘤致垂体柄增粗诊断除需考虑年龄、临床表现及实验室、影像学检查资料外，确诊需依据病理检查结果，以做到早诊断、早治疗，改善患者预后。
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