大学新生积极情绪在认知重评与生命意义感关系中的中介作用

摘要

目的:探讨积极情绪在认知重评与生命意义感中的中介作用.方法:选取北京某大学在校大学新生192人[男62人,女130人;年龄18 ～ 22岁,平均年龄(20±2)岁].采用情绪调节问卷(ERQ)的认知重评分问卷、正负性情绪量表(PANAS)的积极情绪词和生命意义感量表(MLQ,包括拥有意义、寻求意义2个维度)进行间隔3个月的2个时间点测量.采用Bootstap方法和结构方程模型检验中介作用.结果:ERQ得分与积极情绪、拥有意义、寻求意义得分均呈正相关(r=0.17～0.26,均P＜0.05);积极情绪得分与MLQ总分及拥有意义、寻求意义得分正相关(r=0.16～0.35,均P＜0.05).Bootstap结果显示,积极情绪对认知重评和生命意义感的95％可信区间为0.065 ～0.295.结构方程模型显示,积极情绪对认知重评和生命意义感中介假设模型的拟合指数良好(x2/df=1.58,RMSEA =0.06,CFI=0.98,GFI=0.95).结论:大学生的认知重评和生命意义感关系密切,积极情绪在认知重评和生命意义感的关系中起到了中介的作用.%Objective:To explore the mediating effect of positive emotion on relationship between cognition reappraisal and meaning of life in freshmen.Methods:Totally 192 freshmen[62 males and 130 females,aged 18 to 22 years,mean age (20 ± 2) years] were assessed with the Chinese version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ),Positive words of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and Chinese version of the Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ).Interval of 3 months of longitudinal data was used to investigate the mediating role of positive emotions in cognitive reappraisal sense and meaning of life.Results:The EPQ scores were positively correlated with the scores of PA,MLQ-P,and MLQ-S(r =0.17-0.26,Ps ＜ 0.05).The PA scores were positively correlated with the scores of MLQ-P and MLQ-S (r =0.16-0.35,Ps ＜0.05).Bootstrap test showed that positive emotions mediated meaning of life through cognitive reappraisal (95％ CI:0.065-0.295).The structural equation model proved to exhibit an appropriate data fit (x2/df=1.58,RMSEA =0.06,CFI =0.98,GFI =0.95).Conclusion:It indicates that cognitive reappraisal is related to meaning of life and positive emotions,and positive emotions mediate the relationship between cognitive reappraisal and meaning of life among freshmen.