天敌昆虫低温贮藏研究进展

摘要

The irrational use of chemical pesticides for agricultural production has resulted in the consistent "3R" problem which leads to environmental pollution and adverse effects on humans.Hence,the search for effective products and technology of biological control is of great importance in integrated pest management programs.For natural enemies,the growth and persistence are often very low.Exploring the storage methods is a key step for large scale production of natural enemies.Low temperature for storage could increase the persistence of natural enemies,which could in turn provide adequate and stable products for biological control.This paper briefly reviews the influences of low temperature storage on induction of diapauses,cold acclimation and fitness characteristics of natural enemies (longevity,emergence,sex ratio,size and dispersal ability) based on the available literature.This work could offer a reference for the technology of large scale production and application for natural enemies.%在农业生产中由于化学农药的长期不合理使用,导致“3R”问题持续存在和人类赖以生存的环境日益恶化,生物防治产品及技术在有害生物综合治理中的作用越发重要.天敌昆虫的生长发育及存活期往往很短,探索其储存技术是天敌昆虫规模化生产中的关键性环节.低温贮藏可以延长天敌昆虫的寿命,进而可以为生物防治提供充足、稳定的天敌产品.因此,天敌昆虫低温贮藏一直是生物防治领域研究的热点.本文围绕天敌昆虫低温贮藏这一环节,就低温诱导天敌昆虫滞育虫态、冷驯化对昆虫低温贮藏效果的影响、低温贮藏对天敌昆虫适合度(寿命、羽化率、性比、个体尺寸大小、飞行扩散能力等)的影响等方面进行综述,以期为天敌昆虫产品的规模化生产及应用技术提供参考.