背景：胚胎心脏心外膜细胞是最近被发现的具有分化为心肌细胞和血管平滑肌细胞潜能的心脏干细胞，可分化为心脏三系细胞，为心脏损伤的再生提供了新的细胞来源，但其定向分化机制及调控因素仍不清楚。目的：体外建立小鼠胚胎心脏心外膜细胞培养模型。方法：解剖显微镜下分离11.5-12.5 d小鼠胚胎心脏，剪除肺静脉血管、心房组织及左心室，移至6孔板(或35 mm培养皿)培养，24 h后移走胚胎心脏组织继续培养。相差显微镜观察胚胎心外膜细胞生长特点；使用免疫荧光技术对细胞进行胚胎心外膜细胞特异性抗体Wt-1、Tbx18染色。结果与结论：胚胎心外膜单层细胞从组织块边缘长出，呈鹅卵石样，并围绕组织块向外延伸。移去胚胎心脏后细胞继续生长，且增殖迅速，三四天后长至融合。所有细胞均强阳性表达胚胎心脏心外膜细胞特异性抗体Wt-1及Tbx18。结果表明，胚胎心脏心外膜细胞生长迅速、形态单一，均表达心外膜细胞特异因子，细胞纯度高，成功构建了体外胚胎心脏心外膜细胞培养模型，为研究其定向分化的分子机制提供了新的思路。%BACKGROUND:The embryonic epicardium can differentiate into myocardial cells and the cardiac stem cells with the potential of vascular smooth muscle cells, and it can differentiate into cardiac three-line cells which provide a new cellsource for the regeneration of cardiac injury. But the directed differentiation mechanisms and regulatory factors are stil unclear. OBJECTIVE:To establish the in vitro culture model of epicardial cells of mouse embryonic heart. METHODS:Embryonic hearts were dissected from the mice at pregnant 10.5-11.5 days, and the pulmonary veins, atrial tissue and left ventricle were cut off, then the embryonic hearts were transplanted into the 6-wel plates (or 35 mm dish) for culture. After cultured for 24 hours, the embryonic heart tissues were removed and cultured continuously. Phase contrast microscope was used to observe the growth characteristics of embryonic epicardial cells;the immunofluorescence technique was used to stain the specific antibody Wt-1 and Tbx18 of embryonic epicardial cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The embryonic epicardial cellmonolayers grew from tissue block edge with cobblestone-like and extended outwardly around the tissue blocks. After removed the embryonic heart, the cells grew continuously with rapid proliferation, and got fusion at 34 days. Al the embryonic epicardial cells could positively express the specific antibody Wt-1 and Tbx18 of embryonic epicardial cells. The results indicate that embryonic epicardial cells have the characteristics of rapidly growth and uniform morphology, and can express the embryonic epicardial cellspecific antibody with high purity. The successful y constructed in vitro culture models of embryonic epicardial cells provide new idea for the molecular mechanisms of directed differentiation.
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