背景：巢蛋白作为一种神经元特异标记物，其表达活性在一定程度上反映了脊髓神经细胞增殖、分化、迁移的演变规律。目的：综述巢蛋白的分子结构、生物学功能及其在脊髓发育及损伤修复中的表达分布规律，进而为脊髓损伤后神经干细胞的移植治疗提供前期研究基础。方法：应用计算机检索1990至2012年维普、万方数据库相关文章，检索词为“脊髓，巢蛋白”，并限定文章语言种类为中文。同时计算机检索1990至2012年PubMed和Springer外文电子期刊及电子图书(全文)数据库相关文章，检索词为“spinal cord，nestin”，并限定文章语言种类为English。共检索到文献343篇，最终纳入符合标准的文献35篇。结果与结论：作为神经干细胞的分子标记物之一，巢蛋白在胚胎期呈现时空性表达，与神经前体细胞的发育成熟程度呈反相关，即随着神经细胞分化发育的不断成熟，其表达强度则会逐渐减弱甚至消失。在脊髓损伤等病理情况下，受损组织区内巢蛋白的表达强度和数量能够反映损伤脊髓组织的修复能力。故脊髓组织发育过程中巢蛋白的表达强度、数量及分布现已作为判断脊髓神经细胞发育的一项重要指标，为临床脊髓损伤治疗提供重要前期研究基础。% BACKGROUND: As a specific marker of neurons, expression activity of Nestin to a certain extent reflects the evolution law of spinal cord nerve cel s’s proliferation, differentiation and migration. OBJECTIVE: To review the molecular structure, biological function, and expression and distribution law of Nestin in spinal cord development and damage repair, then to provide previous research foundation in the transplantation of neural stem cel s after spinal cord injury. METHODS: VIP and Wanfang databases (1990/2012) were retrieved by computer with the key words of “spinal cord, Nestin” in Chinese. At the same time, PubMed, Springer and e-book (ful text) databases (1990/2012) were retrieved with the key words of “spinal cord, Nestin” in English. Total y 343 articles were retrieved, and final y 35 articles were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: As a specific marker of neural stem cel s, Nestin at embryo stage shows a space-time expression that has a inverse relationship with the mature degree of neural precursor cel s, namely with neural cel differentiation and growth continued to mature, Nestin expression strength would gradual y abate, and even disappear. And in spinal cord injury pathological situations, Nestin expression strength and quantity in damaged tissue zone also reflect the repair ability of damaged spinal cord tissues. So during the development of spinal cord tissues, Nestin expression strength, quantity and distribution is now an important index for judging the development of spinal cord nerve cel s, which can provide significant preliminary basis for research work for clinical treatment of spinal cord injury.
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