最新进展的转基因技术在骨与软骨缺损修复中的应用*★

摘要

背景：组织工程技术在骨与软骨的修复方面已经取得巨大进步，其中转基因技术的引入在最近几年也引起人们广泛的关注。目的：总结近5年来转基因技术在骨与软骨缺损修复中的最新研究进展。方法：应用计算机检索CNKI数据库和PubMed数据库2007年1月至2012年3月关于转基因技术治疗骨与软骨缺损方面的文献，中文检索词“基因，治疗，骨，软骨，缺损”。英文检索词“gene，therapy， bone，cartilage，defect”，最终纳入22篇符合要求的文献。结果与结论：基因治疗为骨和软骨再生带来了一种新的治疗理念，它可以把具有特异性的目的基因精确转移入靶细胞内，并特异性的表达。目前应用于骨与软骨缺损的基因主要包括骨形态发生蛋白，转化生长因子，碱性成纤维细胞生长因子，胰岛素样生长因子，血管内皮细胞生长因子，Bcl-xl 基因等。应用基因治疗可以诱导骨与软骨的形成，为骨与软骨的修复提供了崭新的途径。%BACKGROUND:Tissue engineering technology has made a great progress in bone and cartilage repair, and the introduction of transgenic technology in recent years also has caused widespread concern. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the development of transgenic technology in the repair of bone and cartilage defects in the past 5 years. METHODS:Relevant articles about transgenic technology in bone and cartilage defect which were published from January 2007 to March 2012 were retrieved in CNKI and PubMed with the key words of“gene, therapy, bone, cartilage, defect”in Chinese and English, respectively. Final y, 22 articles that met the inclusive criterion were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Gene therapy introduces a new treatment concept for bone and cartilage regeneration, which can induce genes into targeted cel s with specific expression. Genes for bone and cartilage defects include bone morphogenetic protein, transforming growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Bcl-xl gene. Gene therapy can induce bone and cartilage formation, and provides a new approach for bone and cartilage repairing.