脂肪间充质干细胞移植急性心肌梗死区域对心肌组织的保护作用

摘要

BACKGROUND:Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels have rich sources that are easily obtained, which can be used to treat acute myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cel transplantation on acute myocardial infarction in rats. METHODS:Rat models of acute myocardial infarction were made and subjected to adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cel transplantation in comparison with model and control (sham operation) groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Echocardiography findings showed significant improvement in the left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and ejection fraction in the cel transplantation group compared with the model group (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that myocardial infarction was evident in the model group, in which, there were rarely viable myocardial tissues and few vessels in the infarcted region, but in the cel transplantation group, there were evident survived myocardial tissues and transplanted cels. The percentage of infarct size was significantly lower in the cel transplantation group than the model group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels were able to survive in the infarcted myocardial tissues, and the expression of cardiac troponin T in the cel transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). Experimental data show that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can protect the myocardial tissues after myocardial infarction, and effectively improve the myocardial function.%背景：脂肪间充质干细胞来源丰富，取材方便，其移植可治疗急性心肌梗死。目的：探讨脂肪间充质干细胞移植对急性心肌梗死大鼠心肌组织的保护作用。方法：实验建立急性心肌梗死模型大鼠，并移植脂肪间充质干细胞，设置模型组和对照组进行对比。结果与结论：(1)超声心动图：与模型组相比，细胞移植组大鼠心功能指标左室收缩末径、左室舒张末径和射血分数检测结果均明显改善(P <0.05)。(2)苏木精-伊红染色：模型组大鼠的心肌梗死区明显，几乎无存活的心肌组织，且梗死区的血管较少；与模型组大鼠比，细胞移植组可明显出现部分存活心肌组织和移植后的脂肪间充质干细胞。(3)心肌梗死死面积：细胞移植组心肌梗死面积百分比明显低于模型组(P <0.05)。(4)心肌组织免疫组织化学染色显微检测：脂肪间充质干细胞可以存活于大鼠梗死的心肌组织中，与模型组相比，细胞移植组心肌特异性蛋白-心肌肌钙蛋白T的表达明显提高(P <0.05)。(5)结果证实：脂肪充质干细胞移植对梗死的心肌组织有保护作用，可有效改善心肌功能。