背景:随着外科技术的迅速发展,单髁关节置换已经成为骨性关节炎外科治疗的热点之一,其治疗骨性关节炎时在创伤大小、术后康复速度等方面取得了显著的进展.目的:综述单髁关节置换的发展历史、临床疗效,并聚焦外侧单髁关节置换和计算机导航及机器人辅助的研究进展,为单髁关节置换进一步临床研究提供参考.方法:以"Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,Osteoarthritis,Unilateral compartment Lateral knee arthroplasty"为关键词检索1955年1月至2017年4月PubMed数据库及Web of science数据库.结果与结论:共检索到文献562篇,进行初步筛选,排除研究目的与本文无关及重复研究,共纳入75篇英文文献进行综述.随着单间室骨性关节炎治疗方法的不断改进,单髁关节置换作为单间室骨性关节炎的治疗方法,可以保留交叉韧带、保留更多的骨量,严格的把握单髁关节置换的手术指征,合理的实施术后功能锻炼,对于获得最佳的临床疗效至关重要.同时计算机导航及机器人辅助技术的发展,为单间室骨性关节炎的外科治疗开辟了新的思路,使得单髁关节置换更加精准和微创,但新技术的应用能否进一步提高临床疗效仍需要进一步的研究证实.%BACKGROUND: With the rapid development of surgical techniques, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has become an issue of concern in the treatment of osteoarthritis, which has achieved significant progress inreducing trauma and rapid rehabilitation.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the development history, curative effect of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, and the research progress of lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty aided with computer navigation or robot system, thus providing reference for further study on unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.METHODS: Web of Science, and PubMed databases were searched for the literatures published from January 1955 to April 2017 with the keywords of "unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, osteoarthritis, unilateral compartment, lateral knee arthroplasty".RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 562 articles were retrieved, and finally 75 English literatures were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. With the continuous improvement of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, it can retain the cruciate ligament and more bone mass. Notably, strict indications and reasonable postoperative functional exercise are essential for obtaining optimal effectiveness. At the same time, the development of computer navigation and robot-assisted technology has opened up a new horizon for the treatment of osteoarthritis,which makes the operation more accurate and minimally invasive. But the application still needs to be studied in depth.
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