美国口腔颌面外科住院医师的规范化培训

摘要

中国的口腔颌面外科住院医师的规范化培训刚刚起步,对培养目标、培训方法、培训项目以及基地认证标准等还在探索之中.美国的住院医师培训体系经过100多年的发展已经比较成熟,有许多值得借鉴之处.本文重点介绍美国口腔颌面外科医师的培养模式和标准,供相关人员参考.由于中美两国医学及口腔医学教育体制的差异,美国口腔颌面外科住院医师培训模式不可能完全适合中国的国情.但其注重临床胜任力的培训理念和完善的培训基地认证标准值得借鉴.除了必要的临床轮转和操作数量要求之外,医学道德、职业素养、批判性思考能力以及终生学习能力的培养是住院医师获得临床胜任力的关键.%China is currently in the process of establishing formal residency training programs in oral and maxillofacial surgery and other medical and dental specialties.Regulatory agencies,and educational and academic institutions in China are exploring mechanisms,goals and standards of residency training that meet the needs of the Chinese healthcare system.This article provides an introduction of residency training in oral and maxillofacial surgery in the United States,with emphasis on the accreditation standard by the Commission on Dental Accreditation.As there are fundamental differences in the medical and dental education systems between China and United States,the training standards in the United States may not be entirely applicable in China.A competency-based training model that focus on overall competencies in medical knowledge,clinical skills and values at the time of graduation should be taken into consideration in a Chinese residency training program in oral and maxillofacial surgery.