注意缺陷多动障碍患儿家庭环境特征及自我意识的相关分析

摘要

目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿家庭环境特征及其与自我意识之间的相关性.方法 采用家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)对79例ADHD儿童、71名正常儿童分别进行评估.结果 PHCSS中,AD-HD儿童行为、智力与学习情况、躯体外貌与属性、合群、幸福与满足及总分低于正常儿童(P<0.05);ADHD儿童在FES-CV中亲密度、独立性、知识性、娱乐性、道德宗教观、组织性得分低于正常儿童(P<0.05),矛盾性得分明显高于正常儿童(P<0.01).回归分析显示,ADHD儿童FES-CV中的道德宗教观是影响PHCSS总分的主要危险因素(P<0.05).结论 ADHD患儿的家庭存在家庭功能缺陷,并与患儿自我意识水平较低有关.%Objective To explore the correlation between family environment and self-concept of children with attention deficit hyperac-tivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Family Environment Scales Chinese Version (FES-CV) and Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale (PHCSS) were used to evaluate 79 children with ADHD and 71 normal children. Results The scores of behavior, intelligence and school, physical appearance, sociability, happiness and satisfaction, and total scores of PHCSS were lower in ADHD group than in normal group (P< 0.05). Compared with the normal group, the ADHD group presented lower scores in cohesion, independence, intellectual-cultural orientation, moral religious emphasis, organization (P<0.05) and obviously higher score in conflicts (P<0.01) in FES-CV. The stepwise regression analysis showed that moral religion emphasis of FES-CV was a major risk factor to total scores of PHCSS in ADHD children (P<0.05). Conclusion Children with ADHD show more family dysfunction, which may correlated with their poor self-concept.