注意缺陷多动障碍患儿父母婚姻冲突、严厉管教与患儿自我意识的关系

摘要

Objective To explore the relationship among interparental conflict,parental harsh discipline and self-concept in school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods A total of 103 ADHD children (ADHDgroup) and 103 matched normal children (control group) were selected and assessed with Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale (PHCSS),Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPIC) and self-designed questionnaire of parental harsh discipline.Results The total score and all factor scores of PHCSS in ADHD group were significantly lower than those in control group(P ＜0.05).The factor scores of frequency,strength,solution,content and self-blame of CPIC and all factor scores of parental harsh discipline questionnaire in ADHD group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).In ADHD group,the total score of PHCSS was negatively correlated with the factor scores of strength,solution,content of CPIC and father's corporal punishment in parental harsh discipline questionnaire (P ＜ 0.05).In ADHD group,the factor scores of frequency,strength,solution of CPIC were positively correlated with the factor score of mother's scold (P ＜ 0.05);the factor score of frequency of CPIC was positively correlated with the factor score of mother's corporal punishment (P ＜ 0.05);the factor scores of frequency,solution and self-blame of CPIC were positively correlated with father's corporal punishment (P ＜ 0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the solution factor score of CPIC and father's corporal punishment were significant influential factors for self-concept in children with ADHD (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The poor self-concept in children with ADHD is influenced by interparental conflict and parental harsh discipline.Parental harsh discipline is closely related to interparental conflict.%目的 探讨学龄期注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿父母婚姻冲突、严厉管教与自我意识的关系.方法 选取103例ADHD患儿(ADHD组)及103名一般情况匹配的正常儿童(对照组)进行儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)、儿童感知婚姻冲突量表(CIPC)及自制的严厉管教方式问卷调查.结果 ADHD组患儿PHCSS总分及各因子分均低于对照组(P＜0.05),CPIC冲突频率、冲突强度、冲突解决、自我归因、冲突内容因子分扣父母严厉管教各因子分均高于对照组(P＜0.05).ADHD组CPIC冲突强度、冲突解决、冲突内容与PHCSS总分呈负相关(P＜0.05);严厉管教方式中父亲体罚与PHCSS总分呈负相关(P＜0.05).ADHD组CPIC冲突频率、冲突强度、冲突解决因子分与母亲责骂评分呈正相关(P＜0.05);CPIC冲突频率因子分与母亲体罚评分呈正相关(P＜0.05);CPIC冲突频率、冲突解决、自我归因因子分与父亲体罚评分呈正相关(P＜0.05).多元线性回归分析显示CPIC冲突解决和父亲体罚是ADHD患儿自我意识的重要影响因素(P＜0.05).结论 ADHD患儿自我意识低下受到父母婚姻冲突及严厉管教方式的影响;父母婚姻冲突与父母严厉管教方式关系密切.