鼻胃管与鼻肠管对脑卒中伴吞咽困难患者营养支持的对比

摘要

目的对比分析鼻胃管与鼻肠管对脑卒中伴吞咽困难患者营养支持的临床疗效。方法96例脑卒中伴吞咽困难患者根据营养支持方法不同分为对照组与观察组，对照组采用鼻胃管给予营养，观察组采用鼻肠管给予营养，观察2组治疗前后的营养指标、治疗脑卒中的治疗有效率、常见并发症等。结果2组治疗前的ALB、Hb水平进行比较无显著性差异（P＞0.05），治疗7 d、14 d后ALB、Hb水平比较均有显著性差异（P＜0.05）；对照组与观察组脑卒中的治疗有效率分别为72.9％、93.8％，观察组显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；对照组与观察组并发症的发病率分别为20.8％、6.25％，2组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论与鼻胃管相比，鼻肠管可显著改善脑卒中吞咽困难患者的营养指标，提高脑卒中的治疗有效率，降低治疗过程中腹泻、反流等常见并发症发病率，值得临床应用。%Objective To compare and analyze the effect of nutritional support respectively offered by nasogastric tube and nasointestinal tube in stroke patients with dysphagia.Methods 96 cases with stroke and dysphagia were divided into control group and observation group according to the type of nutritional support. Patients in the control group were given nasal‐gastric nutrition ,observation group received nasal‐intestinal nutrition. We observed nutrition indicators , treatment efficiency of stroke ,and complications in the two groups before and after treatment.Results ALB and Hb levels in two groups showed no difference before treatment ,which has statistical difference after 7‐ and 14‐day treatment (P< 0.05). Treatment efficiency were 72.9% and 93.8% in control group and the observation group ,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In addition ,the incidence of complications in the control group and the observation group respective was 20.8% and 6.25%with a significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with nasal‐gastric nutrition ,nasal‐intestinal nutrition can sig‐nificantly improve nutrition indicators and treatment efficiency ,and reduce the incidence of common complications such as diar‐rhea ,reflux ,etc. in stroke patients with dysphagia ,which is worthy of clinical application.