颏舌肌前移舌骨悬吊联合悬雍垂腭咽成形术的初步应用

摘要

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and reliability of genioglossus advancement and hyoid suspension with non-trephine technic (GAHM) and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) for surgical obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome treatmen. Methods Twenty-six patients (4 female and 22 male) were classified as moderate and severe cases in terms of apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and Friedman classification in the present study. All cases patients underwent genioglossus advancement and hyoid suspension with non-trephine technic Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty UPPP. Pre- and postoperative polysomnography and Epworth sleepiness scale were performed to assess the therapeutic outcomes. Results The whole operation time ranged from 120-180 minutes. The average amount of bleeding in genioglossus advancement was about 50-100 ml. There were no severe complications during and after the operation. All the cases were followed up to one year. After surgery, AHI was decreased in both group eases, (42.9±6.6 vs 16.2±5.7) in the severe group, and 21.3±4. 4 vs 11.3±5.2 (x±s) in the moderate group. With success defined as AHI decreased by more than 50 per cent after swgery, the total success rate in moderate and severe group was 83.3% and 91.7%, respectively (P<0.01). Furthermore, the success rate of the moderate group was higher than those of the severe group (P<0.01). Conclusion GAHM combined with UPPP may be beneficial for the moderate and severe OSAHS patients with oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal obstruction.%目的 探讨不使用环钻行颏舌肌前移舌骨悬吊术联合悬雍垂腭咽成形术(UPPP)治疗重度阻寒性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的可行性及疗效.方法 2006年6月至2008年1月26例伴舌根肥厚、舌后间隙狭窄的中重度OSAHS患者接受本研究.按呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为中度(12例)和重度(14例)2组;根据Friedman分型,Ⅱ型18例,Ⅲ型8例.电子鼻咽喉镜检查及Muller试验检杳腭咽及舌咽狭窄.先行UPPP,同时一期采用线锯、胸科电锯、耳科电钻等非环钻技术行颏舌肌前移及舌骨悬吊术.结果 手术时间120～180 min,颏舌肌前移手术出血50～100 ml.术中和术后未出现严重并发症.术后1年随访,14例重度OSAHS患者AHI由术前的(42.9±6.6)次/h(x±s,下同)下降至(16.2±5.7)次/h,其中11例患者AHI下降大于等于50%,有效率71.4%.12例中度OSAHS患者AHI由术前的(21.3±4.4)次/h下降至(11.3±5.2)次/h,其中10例患者AHI下降大于等于50%,有效率83.3%.中、重度OSAHS患者术后AHI较术前均明显下降,而中度的有效率明显优于重度患者,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01).结论 不使用环钻也可行颏舌肌前移舌骨悬吊术,联合UPPP治疗伴舌根肥厚、舌后间隙狭窄的中、重度OSAHS,手术创伤小,操作容易,不需要特殊器械,治疗效果好.