体外软骨细胞凋亡诱导及检测方法的研究进展

摘要

软骨细胞凋亡在骨关节炎的病理进程中起着重要的作用，对软骨细胞凋亡的研究近年来也成为研究的热点。在实验研究中，往往需要通过一定的途径来诱导软骨细胞的凋亡，以此建立体外软骨细胞凋亡模型，并进行凋亡检测。本文综述了常用的细胞形态学、流式细胞术、DNA断裂的分子生物学检测以及半胱氨酰天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶（ caspase-3）检测方法的原理，并阐述各方法的灵敏性、特异性以及局限性。软骨细胞凋亡受多方面因素的影响，体外常用于诱导软骨细胞凋亡的方法有多种，原理各异，实验研究中应结合各自的实验目的、实验设计及实验条件等综合考虑。在凋亡检测中，由于各种检测方法作用机制的不同及各自的灵敏性、特异性和局限性，需结合多项定量、定性的指标反复加以验证才能得出更为客观、可靠、可信的实验结果。%Chondrocyte apoptosis plays an important role in the pathological process of osteoarthritis.In recent years, the researches on chondrocyte apoptosis have become a hotspot.In experimental studies, in order to establish chondrocyte apoptosis model in vitro and to detect the apoptosis, certain methods are used to induce the apoptosis of chondrocytes.This article reviews the principle of commonly used testing methods, including cell morphology, flow cytometry, molecular biology of DNA breakage detection, and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (Caspase-3), and elaborates the sensitivity, specificity, and limitations of each method.The apoptosis of chondrocytes is influenced by various factors.There are various methods commonly used in the induction of chondrocytes apoptosis in vitro, and their principles are different.In an experimental study, the selection of a method should combine with the consideration of the purpose, the design, and the conditions of the experiment.In the detection of apoptosis, according to the different mechanisms of various detection methods and the sensitivity, specificity, and limitations of each method, the verification of multiple quantitative and qualitative indexes should be performed, in order to obtain more objective, reliable, and authentic results.