脱髓鞘性视神经炎诊断中髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体检测的作用

摘要

The incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) in the Asian population is much higher than in Europe and North America. Optic neuritis is the first sign of NMOSD for some people. Identification of aquaporin 4 antibody is a milestone in the research of NMOSD and has been included in the diagnosis standard of NMOSD, but about 20%to 30%of NMOSD patients is aquaporin 4 antibody-negative. With the cell-based assays, oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system have aroused the attention of researchers. This article reviews the research history of oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in optic neuritis.%视神经脊髓炎疾病在亚洲人群中的发病率远高于欧美人群.视神经炎是部分患者的首发症状.水溶通道蛋白4(AQP-4)抗体的发现是视神经脊髓炎疾病研究中一个里程碑,成为视神经脊髓炎疾病的诊断标准.但临床中20%~30%的视神经脊髓炎患者AQP-4抗体检测为阴性.随着基于细胞分析法技术的进步,髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白(MOG)抗体在中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病中的作用引起了研究者的重视.本文将分析和总结MOG抗体在视神经炎研究中的从发现到认识的历程.