本科护生实习前主观幸福感现状及影响因素

摘要

Objective To investigate baccalaureate nursing students'subjective well-being before clinical practice and discuss the influential factors in order to help students build a positive state of mind to participate in the clinical practice.Methods The convenience sample consisted of 144 baccalaureate nursing students who would take part in clinical practice and the General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES) and General Well-being Schedule (GWB) were adopted.Results The baccalaureate nursing students' subjective well-being was generally at a little higher level than the intermediate.Among the dimensions,the scores of life satisfaction,positive affect and negative affect were (4.69 ± 0.61 ),(4.12 ± 1.13 ) and (2.44 ± 0.89 ),respectively.Among the students,those who were the only child in the family or who were excellent in their study had higher subjective well-beings,with ( 24.98 ± 5.64 ) and ( 24.44 ± 4.40 ),respectively.The main influential factors included self-efficacy,self-esteem and the number of children in the family.Conclusions Nursing educators and psychologists should attach importance to baccalaureate nursing students' subjective well-being before clinical practice.Self-efficacy and self-esteem can obviously predict the change of subjective well-being.%目的 了解实习前本科护生主观幸福感水平,探讨其影响因素,以帮助护生建立积极的心态迎接临床实习.方法 采用方便抽样的方法,使用自尊量表、一般自我效能感量表及青少年主观幸福感量表对144名实习前本科护生进行问卷调查.结果 实习前本科护生的主观幸福感总体处于中等偏上水平,各维度中生活满意度(4.69±0.61)分、正性情感(4.12±1.13)分、负性情感(2.44±0.89)分.独生子女及学习成绩为“优秀”护生的学业满意度得分较高.自我效能感、自尊和独生子女是影响护生主观幸福感的主要因素.结论 护理教育及心理工作者应重视实习前本科护生的主观幸福感、自我效能感、自尊,能预测其变化.