目的：探讨荧光原位杂交（ FISH）技术联合羊水细胞培养在检测胎儿染色体异常的临床应用价值。方法回顾性总结2012年7月1日至2013年12月31日在北京大学第一医院就诊的1809例孕17～38周进行FISH产前诊断妊娠妇女的详细临床资料及随访信息。羊水间期细胞选用13、18、21、X、Y特异性探针检测，同时进行常规羊水细胞培养核型分析，将两者结果进行对照分析。结果1809份羊水间期细胞FISH检测均成功，其中检出正常核型1767例，非整倍体39例、三倍体1例、嵌合体2例，与常规细胞染色体核型分析结果一致，另外34例结构异常、5例嵌合体及12例正常变异FISH技术未能检出。结论 FISH技术检测胎儿常见染色体数目异常具有快速简便、准确率高等优点，FISH技术联合羊水细胞培养能够更好的服务于产前诊断。%Objective To analyze the clinical application of fluorescence in situ hybridization ( FISH) and karyotype analysis in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities .Methods The prenatal diagnosis of chromosome aneuploidies by FISH analysis of chromosome-specific probes (chromosome 13,18, 21,X,Y) in interphase amniocytes of 1 809 pregnant women of 17-38 weeks of gestational age was used , comparisons with the karyotyping results was done simultaneously.All the 1 809 cases came from Peking University First Hospital from July 1,2012 to December 31,2013, and the relevant clinical data and birth follow-up information were collected.Results All the 1 809 cases had been successfully examined by FISH , including 1 767 normal cases and 42 cases of numerical abnormality (39 cases of aneuploid, 1 case of triploid and 2 cases of mosaicism),which were consistent with the karyotyping analysis .What′s more,34 cases of chromosomal structural abnormalities , 5 cases of chimera and 12 cases of normal variant were failed to detected by FISH.Conclusion With the advantages of high-speed,simplicity,high accuracy,etc,FISH can be an effective tool in clinical applications , and had great significances in cytogenetic prenatal diagnosis combined with karyotyping analysis.
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