医务人员预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴相关知识水平及其影响因素研究

摘要

Objective To understand the effect of integrated prevention of mother-to-child transmission (IPMTCT) and its influence on awareness of health care workers (HCWs),and provide evidence for the training plan improvement.Methods Cluster random sampling methods were used in this survey.536 HCWs who had received the training of IPMTCT in the past year were investigated with a questionnaire survey in 4 counties in Henan and Guizhou provinces.Results Among the participants,92.5％ of them had received county-level training,85.1％ received special topic training,82.3％ received lecture,and 26.7％ received regular meeting.The median times of training was 2.As the result of stratified analysis showed,the awareness rate of HCWs (50.9％) who had only received special topic training was higher than those (30.6％) who had only received comprehensive training (P ＜0.01),the awareness rate of HCWs (52.3％)who had only received lecture was higher than those (24.6％) who had only received regular meeting (P ＜0.01),and the awareness rate of HCWs (66.9％) who had received training more than three times was the highest (P ＜0.01).The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the awareness rate of HCWs who took lecture was about 2.9 times to those who had received regular meeting (OR =2.9,95％ CI:1.4-6.0) after adjusted for education,spatiality,level of facility and area.Conclusion The training form is the key factor associated with the awareness of IPMTCT among HCWs.Special training on IPMTCT in the form of lecture should be strengthened for HCWs in IPMTCT-project areas.%目的 了解预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙型肝炎(乙肝)母要传播(IPMTCT)项目地区医务人员接受培训状况及其对IPMTCT相关知识水平的影响,为完善项目培训规划提供依据.方法 采用整群随机抽样方法,对河南省和贵州省中的4个项目地区IPMTCT工作的536名医务人员近1年接受相关培训状况及其IPMTCT相关知识水平进行问卷调查.结果 接受IPMTCT相关培训的医务人员中,92.5％接受过县(区)级培训,85.1％接受过专题培训,82.3％接受过讲座形式培训,26.7％接受过以会代训/例会形式培训,接受培训次数的中位数为2次.单因素分析,仅接受专题培训(50.9％)的医务人员IPMTCT相关知识知晓率高于仅接受过综合培训者(30.6％)；仅接受讲座形式培训者(52.3％)知晓率高于仅接受以会代训/例会形式培训者(24.6％)；接受培训3次及以上者知识知晓率最高(66.9％)(P均＜0.01).多因素分析,在调整文化程度、专业、机构级别、所在地区有无预防艾滋病母婴传播工作基础等因素后,与仅接受以会代训/例会形式培训相比,接受讲座形式培训的医务人员的知识知晓率高(OR=2.9,95％ CI:1.4～6.0).结论 培训形式是影响基层医务人员IPMTCT相关知识水平的重要因素,重大公共卫生专项经费应重点支持以讲座为主要形式的IPMTCT专题培训.