2014年新疆15个监测点居民死因状况分析

摘要

目的 了解新疆15个监测点居民健康状况,确定严重影响居民健康的主要疾病,为政府部门制定卫生保健决策提供科学依据.方法 分析新疆15个监测点2014年户籍居民死亡报告资料,以ICD-10进行死因分类;使用Excel 2007和SPSS 17.0软件进行数据整理和统计分析.结果 2014年新疆15个监测点总死亡率400.86/10万,男性高于女性.慢性病死亡所占比例最高,达79.11％,感染性、母婴及营养缺乏疾病死亡占10.12％,伤害死亡占9.12％;前5位死因分别为心脏病、脑血管病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病和伤害.缺血性心脏病、脑血管病、高血压及高心病、肺源性心脏病是循环系统疾病主要死因;肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌是恶性肿瘤的主要死因;交通事故、溺水、意外中毒、意外跌落和自杀是意外伤害的主要死因.结论 慢性非传染性疾病是危害新疆居民死亡的主要原因;心脑血管病致死仍占最高比例,消化道恶性肿瘤依然比较严重,机动车辆交通事故依然是危害青壮年健康的主要危险因素,今后应加大新疆慢性非传染性疾病及伤害的防治力度.%Objective To understand the causes of death among residents in Xinjiang,determine major diseases which affected the residents' health seriously,and provide scientific basis for government decisions in health care.Methods Data analysis were conducted from resident death report in 15 disease surveillance points of Xinjiang.The causes of death were classified according to ICD-10.Statistical analysis was conducted with software Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0.Results The total mortality rate of residents was 400.86/105 in Xinjiang.The mortality rate in males was higher than in females.The death proportion of chronic disease was highest (79.11％),and the deaths caused by infectious,maternal and infant and nutrient deficiency diseases accounted for 10.12％ and caused by injury accounted for 9.12％,respectively.The first 5 leading death causes were heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,malignant tumor,respiratory system disease and injury.Ischemic heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,high blood pressure and heart disease and pulmonary heart disease were the leading causes of circulatory system disease.Lung cancer,stomach cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer were the main causes of malignant tumor.Traffic accident,drowning,accidental poisoning,accidentally fell and suicide were the leading causes of accidental injury.Conclusion Chronic and non-communicable diseases are major death causes in population in Xinjiang.Cardio-cerebrovascular disease caused death still account for the highest proportion,digestive tract malignant tumor is still serious,and motor vehicle traffic accident still is major risk factor to young adults.It is necessary to step up prevention efforts in chronic and non-communicable diseases and injury in future.