情绪障碍儿童依恋特征及其与父母依恋的关系

摘要

目的 探讨情绪障碍儿童的依恋特征,为情绪障碍儿童的心理干预提供理论依据.方法 采用自编一般情况调查表、青少年依恋问卷、亲密关系经历量表对70例情绪障碍患儿及其父母与140例正常儿童及其父母施测.结果 (1)病例组儿童家庭亲和性、朋友亲和性因子分[分别为(12.76 ±3.69)分、(14.23 ±3.84)分]低于对照组[分别为(15.47±3.05)分、(15.82±3.06)分],而家庭消极性因子分[(12.84±3.42)分]高于对照组[(10.46±2.94)分],均差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).(2)病例组母亲依恋回避与依恋焦虑维度评分[(3.60 ±0.70)分、(2.96±0.77)分]低于对照组[(3.84±0.63)分、(3.37 ±0.79)分],均差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).(3)情绪障碍儿童朋友依赖性因子与父亲依恋焦虑维度呈负相关(P＜0.01).结论 情绪障碍儿童的家庭依恋特征为低亲和性、高消极性,朋友依恋特征为低亲和性.%Objective To explore the attachment of children with emotional disorder,and provide a theoretical basis for mental intervention.Methods A total of 70 outpatients with emotional disorder and their parents and 140 normal children and their parents were enrolled.All the children and their parents were assessed with Adolescent Attachment Inventory and Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory and General demographic information inventory.Results There were statistical significances in family proximity((12.76 ± 3.69) vs (15.47 ±3.05)),friend proximity ((14.23 ± 3.84) vs (15.82 ± 3.06)) and family negativity ((12.84 ± 3.42) vs (10.46 ± 2.94)) of two groups (all P ＜ 0.05).There were statistical significances in maternal attachment avoidance ((3.60 ± 0.70) vs (3.84 ± 0.63)) and anxiety ((3.23 ± 0.77) vs (3.37 ± 0.79)) of two groups (all P ＜0.05).In emotional disorder group,there was a significantly negative relation (P ＜ 0.01) between parental anxiety dimension and friend dependence factor.Conclusion The attachment of children with emotional disorser is low family and friends proximity,higher family negativity.