皖西白鹅育肥期肌肉脂肪酸组成及肝PPARα、FADS2和ME1基因表达规律的研究

摘要

旨在探明皖西白鹅育肥期肌肉脂肪酸组成及肝脂肪酸合成相关基因的表达规律.本研究选取同批出雏的70日龄时体重相近的皖西白鹅60只,分为3个重复,每个重复20只,育肥至100日龄.育肥期每10 d(70～100日龄)从各重复取5只屠宰,分离胸肌、腿肌和肝.气相色谱法检测肌肉脂肪酸组成,RT-PCR分析肝PPARα、FA DS2和ME1基因相对表达量.结果表明:1)胸肌饱和脂肪酸含量高于腿肌(P＜0.000 1),单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量均低于腿肌(P=0.044,P=0.017);C16∶1和C18∶2含量随育肥时间增加,C18:0含量随育肥时间下降.2)PPARα在育肥20 d高表达,育肥30 d低表达(P＜0.000 1);FADS2育肥10d时表达量最高(P=0.009);ME1育肥30 d表达量最低(P=0.010).3)PPARα表达量上升伴随C16∶1、C18;3、UFA/SFA含量上升,同时SFA含量下降;FADS2表达量上升伴随C16:1、C18∶1、C18∶3、MUFA和UFA/SFA含量上升,SFA、PUFA含量下降.ME1基因的表达量上升则C16:1、C18∶1、C18∶3、MUFA和UFA/SFA上升,同时C18∶0、C20∶3和SFA含量下降.皖西白鹅PPARα、FADS2和ME1基因相对表达量均和脂肪酸组成显著相关,可作为脂肪酸性状选育的候选基因.%This study aimed to elucidate the fatty acids content in muscles and fatty acid synthesis related gene expression profile in muscle of Wanxi White geese during fattening period.A total of 60 geese were selected at 70 d of age with similar body weight.The geese were divided into 3 replicates with 20 per replicate.Five geese were randomly selected from each replicate for breast muscle,leg muscle and liver sampling with 10 d interval during fattening till 100 d of age.Gas chromatography was used for fatty acid content determination and RT-PCR was used for PPARα,FADS2 and ME1 gene expression levels determination.The results showed that:1) Saturated fatty acid content in breast muscle was higher than that in leg muscle (P＜0.000 1).Monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were lower in breast muscle than that in leg muscle (P=0.044,P=0.017).The content of C16:1 and C18 ∶ 2 were increased,C18 ∶ 0 was decreased during fattening.2) The expression of PPARα was the highest on 20 d and the lowest on 30 d (P＜0.000 1) in fattening period.The expression of FADS2 was the highest on 10 d (P=0.009) in fattening period.The expression of ME1 was lowest on 30 d (P=0.010) in fattening period.3) The expression of PPARα increasing was associated with the increasing C16 ∶ 1,C18 ∶ 3 and UFA/SFA contents while the content of SFA decreased.The expression of FADS2 increasing was associated with the increasing C16 ∶ 1,C18 ∶ 1,C18 ∶ 3,MUFA and UFA/SFA contents,while SFA and PUFA decreased.The expression of ME1 increasing was associated with the increasing C16 ∶ 1,C18 ∶ 1,C18 ∶ 3,MUFA and UFA/SFA contents,while C18:0,C20 ∶ 3 and SFA contents decreased.The expression levels of PPARα,FADS2 and ME1 were significantly associated with fatty acids content in Chinese Wanxi White geese,suggesting that these genes might be used as candidate genes for fatty acid selection in geese breeding.