二里头文化设防聚落的环濠传统

摘要

Two types of moat existed in fortified settlements of the Erlitou Culture. The 5-metre-wide moats were usually built within a settlement. They were typical of the Erlitou Culture and functioned as the boundary between residences of the elite class and the%二里头文化的设防聚落存在宽度为5米左右和10米左右或以上的两种环濠。宽度在5米左右的窄环濠是二里头时代特色的防御设施，一般存在于聚落内部，是社会上层与其他社会阶层之间的居住界限。宽度在10米左右或以上的宽环濠则是龙山时代遗留的旧传统，一般存在于聚落外部。环濠是二里头时代特色的聚落防御设施，遍布于二里头文化的分布区，是二里头文化设防聚落的主要防御设施；城墙与环濠的组合是龙山时代的传统防御设施，往往出现于中国广域王权国家的军事前沿地区。