Objective To investigate the base construction and talents cultivation of general practice in Shandong Province, and to put forward solutions for the identified problems.Methods By using stratified random sampling, we enrolled 730 initial participants〔520 general practice teachers(GPTs) and 210 general practitioners(GPs) with general practice as the practice scope〕 from two sub-provincial districts and 15 prefecture level-districts of Shandong Province.From May 2015 to September 2016, the GPTs were surveyed by a self-designed questionnaire involving demographic data, major distribution, type of teacher and type of trainees, and the GPs were surveyed by a self-designed questionnaire covering demographic data, position, type of the received training, and the period and forms of retraining.The final participants consisted of 98.1%(510/520) of the GPTs and 96.7%(203/210) of the GPs who effectively responded to the survey.Results Of the 510 GPTs,42.5%(217/510) majored in internal medicine,14.7% (75/510) majored in general practice and 8.0% (41/510) in surgery;51.8%(264/510) taught specialties and 42.2% (215/510) taught general practice at the clinical base;65.5% (334/510) and 51.2% (261/510) of their trainees were resident GPs and community GPs,respectively.Among the 203 GPs,the scope of practice for 42.0% (81/193),28.0% (54/193),8.3% (16/193) of them was internal medicine,general practice and traditional Chinese medicine respectively;the types of received trainings mainly were standardized training for resident GPs (40.9%,83/203),training before transferring to the general practitioner position (35.0%,71/203),and training for senior GPs (32.0%,65/203);93.1% (189/203) thought that GPs who once completed the training should be retrained,37.6% (71/189) of them considered the period for retraining should be one year but 71.4% (135/189) hoped that the form of retraining was short-term training.Conclusion Most of GPTs are those teaching specialties.Therefore, in order to cultivate GPs, GPTs teaching specialties should play their full role and foster the thought of general practice.Not many GPs take general practice as the scope of practice and there is an outflow of GPs, so the incentive system for attracting talents to be GPs should be improved.%目的 了解目前山东省全科医学基地建设和全科人才培养的现状,发现目前存在的问题并探讨有效解决方法.方法 采用分层随机抽样法,在山东省15个地级市、2个副省级市选取一线全科带教师资520例和当前执业范围为全科的全科医师210例,共730例作为研究对象.于2015年5月-2016年9月,采用自行设计的问卷对研究对象进行调查,问卷主要内容为:全科医学师资的基本情况、专业分布、类型、培训对象;全科医师的基本情况、工作岗位、参加培训的类型、再培训的周期及形式.共发放全科带教师资问卷520份,回收有效问卷510份,问卷的有效回收率为98.1%;发放全科医师问卷210份,回收有效问卷203份,问卷的有效回收率为96.7%.结果 510例全科医学带教师资中,主要专业为内科(42.5%,217/510)、全科医学科(14.7%,75/510)及外科(8.0%,41/510);主要师资类型为临床基地专科师资(51.8%,264/510)和临床基地全科师资(42.2%,215/510);主要培训对象为全科住院医师(65.5%,334/510)和社区全科医师(51.2%,261/510).203例全科医师中,工作岗位主要有内科(42.0%,81/193)、全科医学科(28.0%,54/193)、中医科(8.3%,16/193);参加培训的类型主要为全科住院医师规范化培训(40.9%,83/203)、转岗培训(35.0%,71/203)及骨干培训(32.0%,65/203);其中有189例(93.1%)全科医师认为完成培训的全科医师应该进行再培训,认为再培训的年限应为1年者71例(37.6%),希望再培训形式为短期培训班者135例(71.4%).结论 当前全科医学师资骨干力量为专科带教师资,在培养全科医师过程中应发挥专科带教师资的优势,加强专科带教师资全科思维的培养;工作在全科医学岗位的全科医师人数较少,存在全科医师人才流失的问题,应健全全科医师的激励机制,吸引更多人才从事全科医疗.
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