青海地区不同海拔藏汉民族子痫前期患者人类白细胞抗原G表达研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the expression of human leucocyte antigen G(HLA-G) in Tibetan and Han patients with preeclampsia at different altitudes of Qinghai Area.Methods 30 Han puerperas delivered in Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University(an altitude of 2 200 m) from January 2015 to January 2016 were selected,and among them 16 with preeclampsia,14 of normal pregnancy;another 21 Tibetan puerperas delivered in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Hospital(an altitude of 3 700 m) during the same period were also selected,and among them 10 with preeclampsia,11 of normal pregnancy.The expression of HLA-G mRNA and protein in maternal placenta was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and western blotting.Results There were significant differences in expression of HLA-G mRNA and protein among puerperas in different situations(P<0.05).The expression of HLA-G mRNA and protein among Han puerperas with preeclampsia at low altitudes,Tibetan puerperas of normal pregnancy at high altitudes and Tibetan puerperas with preeclampsia at high altitudes was significantly lower than that of Han puerperas of normal pregnancy at low altitudes(P<0.05).The expression of HLA-G mRNA and protein of Tibetan puerperas with preeclampsia at high altitudes was significantly lower than that of Tibetan puerperas of normal pregnancy at high altitudes(P<0.05).The expression of HLA-G protein of Tibetan puerperas with preeclampsia at high altitudes was significantly lower than that of Han puerperas with preeclampsia at low altitudes(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the expression of HLA-G mRNA and protein between Han low-altitude puerperas with preeclampsia and Tibetan high-altitude puerperas of normal pregnancy(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of HLA-G mRNA between Han low-altitude puerperas with preeclampsia and Tibetan high-altitude puerperas with preeclampsia(P>0.05).Conclusion The chronic hypoxia environment in plateau may affect the expression of HLA-G gene.The differential expression of HLA-G in Tibetan and Han nationalities at different altitudes may play an important role in the pathogenetic process of preeclampsia in Qinghai plateau area,and is one of the causes of high incidence of preeclampsia in the plateau region.%目的 探讨青海地区不同海拔藏汉民族子痫前期患者的人类白细胞抗原G(HLA-G)表达情况.方法 选取2015年1月-2016年1月在青海大学附属医院分娩的汉族产妇30例(海拔2 200 m),其中子痫前期16例,正常妊娠14例;另选取同期在玉树藏族自治州人民医院分娩的藏族产妇21例(海拔3 700 m),其中子痫前期10例,正常妊娠11例.采用实时定量聚合酶链式反应法和蛋白质印迹法检测不同情况产妇胎盘组织中的HLA-G mRNA和蛋白表达.结果 不同情况产妇HLA-G mRNA和蛋白表达比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).低海拔汉族子痫前期、高海拔藏族正常妊娠、高海拔藏族子痫前期产妇HLA-G mRNA和蛋白表达低于低海拔汉族正常妊娠产妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高海拔藏族子痫前期产妇HLA-G mRNA和蛋白表达低于高海拔藏族正常妊娠产妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高海拔藏族子痫前期产妇HLA-G蛋白表达低于低海拔汉族子痫前期产妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).而低海拔汉族子痫前期产妇与高海拔藏族正常妊娠产妇HLA-G mRNA和蛋白表达比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);低海拔汉族子痫前期产妇与高海拔藏族子痫前期产妇HLA-G mRNA表达比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 高原慢性低氧环境可能影响HLA-G基因的表达,不同海拔藏汉民族HLA-G的差异性表达可能在青海高原地区子痫前期的发病过程中起重要作用,是导致高原地区子痫前期发病率高的原因之一.