膜下滴灌条件下温室秋延辣椒养分吸收及分配规律

摘要

Taking pepper variety ‘Haonong No.11’ F1 hybrid as experimental material,this paper carried out field trial in He county of Anhui Province,and studied on the nutrients absorption and distribution rule of autumn-winter pepper in greenhouse under mulched drop-irrigation system.The results indicated that the pepper yield reached 47 100 kg · hm-2,the total accumulation of dry matter was 8 163 kg · hm-2,and the harvest index was 0.70.The most rapid dry matter increasing period for plant was at the stage of fruit formation.Its accumulation quantity accounted for 33.3％ of the whole growth period.Pepper nutrient absorption during the entire growth period is potash (K) ＞ nitrogen (N) ＞ phosphorus (P),and the absorption of N,P2-O5 and K2O were 186、61.0、313 kg · hm-2,respectively.The absorbent N,P,and K were mainly distributed to fruits,and their harvest indexes were 0.59,0.78,0.58,respectively.The N,P,and K absorptive amount were the highest in the stage of fruit formation,accounting for 37.6％,28.5％,38.4％,respectively.As for the Ca,Mg,B,their absorptive amount was Ca ＞ Mg ＞ B.The plant absorbed CaO,MgO and B were 135、74.9、0.13kg · hm-2,respectively,and the harvest indexes were 0.08,0.32,0.46,respectively.The highest Ca and Mg accumulation were in leaves,accounting for 79.8％ and 54.1％,respectively.B was mainly distributed in fruits and leaves accounting for 46.2％,39.2％,respectively.The Ca,Mg and B absorptive amounts were the highest during the stage of fruit formation accounting for 34.6％,33.3％,38.2％ of the whole growth period.%以辣椒品种好农11为试材,在安徽和县开展田间试验,研究膜下滴灌条件下温室秋延辣椒的养分吸收及分配规律结果表明,辣椒产量47 100kg·hm-2,植株地上部干物质累积量8 163 kg·hnm-2,收获指数0.70,植株干物质增加最快时期为膨果期,膨果期干物质累积量占整个生育期的33.3％;辣椒整个生育期吸收的养分钾＞氮＞磷,氮(N)的吸收量186kg·hm-2,磷(P2O5)的吸收量61.0 kg·hm-2,钾(K2O)的吸收量313 kg·hm-2,植株吸收的氮磷钾主要分配到果实中,氮磷钾的收获指数分别为0.59、0.78、0.58,膨果期辣椒氮磷钾的吸收量最高,分别占整个生育期的37.6％、28.5％、38.4％;钙镁硼的吸收量钙＞镁＞硼,钙(CaO)的吸收量135 kg·hm-2,镁(MgO)的吸收量74.9 kg·hm-2,硼(B)的吸收量0.13kg·hm-2,钙镁硼的收获指数分别为0.08、0.32、0.46,钙镁在叶中的累积量最高,分别占植株吸收总量的79.8％、54.1％,而硼主要分配到果实、叶中,分别占植株吸收总量的46.2％、39.2％,膨果期钙镁硼的吸收量最高,分别占整个生育期的34.6％、33.3％、38.2％.