脂肪细胞因子与运动的抗抑郁作用

摘要

Adipose tissue is recognized as a key regulator of metabolism and energy balance ,and its endocrine function has attracted more and more attention in recent years .Adipocytokines are expressed in the brain or central nervous system ,and brain dysfunction is associated with the adipocytokines disorders in depressed patients .Moreover ,the abnormal expression levels of blood adipocytokines in patients with depression suggests that adipocytokines may be consid‐ered as biomarkers in depression .Regular exercise can regulate the expression and secretion of most adipocytokines (such as leptin ,adiponectin ,irisin ,apelin ,resistin ,nesfatin ,et al .);more‐over ,exercise can improve the depression‐like behaviors by regulating the expression levels of monoamine neurotransmitters ,HPA axis activity ,central inflammation ,hippocampal neurogene‐sis and neurotrophic factor expression ,and nerve poison metabolism .We hope to find some pe‐ripheral adipocytokines as depression biomarkers used for biopsy and further clarify the antide‐pressant effects of exercise .The findings are supposed to better understand the beneficial effects of exercise on brain function (brain‐adipose tissue "crosstalk") ,and suggest new targets for novel antidepressants research and personalized exercise intervention of depression .%脂肪组织被公认为是代谢和能量平衡的关键调节者，近年来，其内分泌功能备受关注。脂肪组织产生或分泌的脂肪细胞因子在脑部或中枢神经系统表达或富集，而抑郁症患者大脑高级神经功能紊乱伴随着许多脂肪细胞因子表达失衡，且许多抑郁症患者的血液脂肪细胞因子水平异常，提示，其可能成为抑郁症新型的生物标志物。规律的运动可调节大部分脂肪细胞因子（瘦素、脂联素、鸢尾素、爱帕琳肽、抵抗素、nesfatin等）的表达和分泌，进而调节中枢单胺类神经递质表达水平、HPA轴活性、中枢炎症反应、海马神经发生及神经营养因子表达、神经毒害物质代谢等，发挥其抗抑郁效应。进一步揭示脂肪细胞因子介导脂肪组织‐脑组织“crosstalk”的多条路径并为运动防控抑郁症等精神疾病提供新视角。